How long could Japan have fought on

A lot more atomic bombs will rain on Japan and we see the Allies invade the country itself if Japan refuse to surrender.

Are Taiwan, Hainan, and possibly Indochina and Indonesia the last large areas outside the Home Islands to be liberated from Japanese rule?

Could Hainan and Taiwan (and the smaller Indonesian islands) become larger Rabauls/Truks?

Guys

Put it this way the Americans had already bypassed Taiwan to take the Philippines instead. Although there were still Japanese forces operating on a number of the islands I believe. Their planning for landing in south Japan, Operation Olympic was set to start in Nov 45 and I'm pretty much certain they had no other major operations planned before then. The British were building up for their attack to liberate Malaya but how far beyond that, i.e. into Sumatra and possibly Java they could have gone and how quickly I don't know.

If the war had continued until the end of 45 then I expect the Soviets would have had all of Manchuria and Korea and presumably South Sakhalin and quite possibly occupied a large chunk of N China. Whether the KMG could have made any significant gains in the south as the Japanese forces became increasingly isolated and short of supplies I don't know. However presuming the war continues and there are no significant local surrenders then at the start of 46 Japanese forces would hold large chunks of China, pretty much all of Taiwan, French Indo-China and most of what's now Indonesia along with other isolated areas and of course most of Japan. [As Operation Coronet, for the invasion of Honshu wasn't planned until spring 46. What state a lot of those regions would be in I rather dread to think. Similarly I'm not sure what the status of Thailand would be as no doubt they want to surrender quickly but how many Japanese forces, in what condition, were in their country at that time I don't know.

  If there's no formal surrender in Japan, or no recognised government to give such an order in the worst case Japanese forces in their colonies could fight on until overwhelmed.  Which means that the allies could in theory be launching assorted invasions of such areas into 47 or possibly later. (

Formosa (Taiwan) could be a tough nut to crack.

You can read this document called: The Surrender of Japanese Forcesin China, Indochina, and Formosa and see that there where still 170,000 troops on the island at the time of the surrendering. 

There could be a number of areas. China has the bulk of the Japanese army based in it [ignoring the home islands] and given the disorder between KMT, Communists and in the north the Soviets there could be forcing hangng around for quite a while. In FIC and the Dutch Indies there is the question of whether assorted independence forces in those regions would side with the Japanese or be seen as such by any allied forces operating against the Japanese. I think there could well be sizeable forces not totally crushed, although effectively isolated, well into 46 and possibly into 47.

  I don't know the story/TL so can't quiote on it I'm afraid.  Could be way off but depending on how much support Chinese forces get from outside and how organised the Japanese are I could see it going on a long while in some locations.  What I'm assuming is that the US would be mainly concerned with occupying and pacifying Japan itself and then possibly other areas such as Taiwan and possibly the Dutch Indies.  Britain, who will be the only other western power with influence will be concentrating on its own colonies and interests, hence Malaya, Borneo, possibly helping out on the Dutch Indies to maintain order in the region and if/when resources are available possibly securing some non-Japanese controlled Thailand and helping the French out in FIC.  While Britain had a long history of business links in China its most likely only to be concerned with liberating Hong Kong and rescuing as many British subjects as possible who have been

  Russia is the uncertain factor in that, albeit at the end of a long supply line, it does have substantial forces in the theatre that OTL crushed the main Japanese army in Manchuria and occupied it, adjacent areas of China and N Korea.  In the event of prolonged Japanese resistance they could well push further, at least to the Yellow River and probably then setting up Biping as a Communist capital.  However would they push that much further.  With uncertain relations, coupled with Stalin's paranoia, in Europe as well as much disasisfaction with Soviet 'liberation' he won't want to reduce his forces in eastern Europe and how many forces would be needed to occupy large areas of China and hunt down Japanese reminants.

 Basically, assuming the Japanese army wholesale decides to fight to the bitter end and there are no significant surrenders then, once Japan is occupied, which is the prime American target, there is likely to be numerous areas in E Asia still under Japanese military control and limited numbers of western forces, and after such a long and costly war, probably a shortage of will to spend blood and money clearing out assorted locations.  It will have to be done eventually but what order areas are cleared and how rapidly would be the issue and the last ones could see quite a delay.