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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 1, 2023 1:14:57 GMT
by a contemporary but otherwise unknown Italian: Even after the famine of 1315, beggars were still fed and clothed before the cities sent them away again. After 1350, they got their heads shaved. Even later, they were whipped. And at the end of the century, Christian miseracordia had, as it seemed, ceased completely, when they made the beggars galley slaves.
by a modern feuilleton journalist, commenting the very situation: Ironically, it was the humanism that caused said behavior. Before, traditional Christian charity made it an obligation for everyone to care about the poor; afterwards, well-off people would start to look at poverty from an economic point of view. The beggars made a sharp contrast to the Rinascita world with its art, beauty, and aesthetics; and when poverty dared to rise its ugly head towards the end of the century, the reaction of the wealthier people knew no mercy. All the hope of the poor people concentrated on the beggar's republics, like the states of Utrecht and Parma had become, but also the many other little enclaves where Christian and other sects tried to build up another, better world.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 1, 2023 1:23:04 GMT
A castle in Denmark, 1381 AD.
The young crown prince Harald sits there, looking at the sea, and is sad.
It's not him alone; since several decades, all the royal family, one could even say, all the country is struck by sadness. Yes, since that duke of Holstein, Gerhard the Bald, started pushing his weight around, the Germans rule everything in Denmark, and the Waldemar dynasty can do only as much as the Schauenburger allow them. Harald's father, when he was younger, tried to put the mighty nobles back in their place; but he didn't succeed, and the very trial cost the king all the reserves he could tap. Yes, some decades ago, his father could at least try to take a risk; but even this time has passed. Now, there's nothing left to hope, except for a wonder. And this is the world where he, Harald, will once become king. A bleak future. Of course, there are his two younger brothers. Erik has found the religion to bear his fate, and actually is the happiest of the three brothers. Christoffer, the youngest, is full of anger, but can't find a way to let it off. And he, Harald himself, simply wishes to be someplace else. But where? A century ago, the bishop Christian told him, princes used to go for the Holy Land, to fight the infidels. But now, the Holy Land has been lost too, like so much, so this door is closed for him, too. A cog sails by. The prince looks after it. Yes, going somewhere else... but where? Some of these ships have been in the far East, in the lands of those people bishop Christian calls "wrong Christians"... but somehow, that wouldn't be right. Going to the west instead, to England or France? But they are at war now, as far as he knows... not a good idea. Although it doesn't really matter. Anyway, he just wants to leave the country for some time. All he needs now is his father's allowance. Of course, king Henrik won't be too happy, but on the other hand, the king is a broken man and won't put up real resistance.
And so it happens. Some time, later, the prince is at the house of a friendly noble, where he receives some captains. It's not that easy, though. He has to see, that those Germans, the men of the Hanseatic League, pretty much control all the trade in his country, so he'll have to go with one of them, if he still wants. Four or five smug captains have come and gone already, angry that the prince let them come for nothing. But the current one seems to be a different case... he's German too, but he actually speaks Danish, and his behavior isn't like that of his colleagues. He's anything but a noble, and not really the right society for a young prince, but Harald likes how he tells wild stories over his beers. And he especially likes how the captain tells about islands in the far west... islands, that noone has ever heard of... There's not much to think about it; the two of them make a deal, and not too much later, the prince leaves the country with the captain and his fishermen. His family wished him goodbye as if he was going to die - and when he had left, it was indeed as if he was dead.
But several months later, a messenger approached the court with the news, that the prince had returned and... at first, the king and the younger princes get angry at him, because they believe the messenger got crazy, so unbelievable is what he tells. Finally, prince Erik decides to go to the harbor and welcome back his brother.
He finds his brother at the harbor in the middle of a drove of people - captains, sailors, merchants - all of them staring as if he was giving them a vision of Heaven (yes, Erik is having such blasphemous thoughts). Next to the old captain he knows, and some fishermen, stand some strange bronze-skinned people, like noone in Denmark has ever seen them, saying nothing. But the center of the drove is Harald himself, talking excitedly and full of energy, as if he couldn't stop.
Erik looks at him, full of disbelief. "Harald? Is that really you? I don't recognize you anymore..."
History tells us, that the prince would send those bronze-skinned men to various European courts, which made him many influential friends - and when he would become king later, the dukes of Holstein wouldn't dare to take a move against him, as long as he reigned.
It was a happier time for Denmark.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 3, 2023 21:39:24 GMT
"The politics under the Hong dynasty" by Ph.D. Birger Svensson, University of Uppsala, Sweden, United Republic of Scandinavia, 1902
The Song dynasty had reduced the military to the absolute necessary minimum; the Hong dynasty, born from the forges of war itself, wasn't as radical against a strong military. The Hong Emperors used a different approach to prevent uprisings of generals: Every few years, they'd move generals from one province to the other, so they couldn't build up a loyal powerbase. [...] The territory of the Song shrunk over the centuries; the first Hong emperor, whose father had been yet one of the four kings who ruled the South, already reigned over a territory almost as big; his son didn't quit here, but attacked the Jurchen and didn't stop, until he had control over the whole Empire in its borders under the Tang dynasty. Many people in- and outside his lands would've agreed that this alone was a great achievement, but still the Emperor didn't stop here: Helping his first vassal, the Vietnamese kingdom of Annam, against their Champa rivals, he extended the Empire's sphere of influence further to the South; and his successors would go on, to spread their fame to lands far away from Nanking. [...] Before and after the fall of the Song, Confucianism saw the traders as the lowest estate in the world; and while the Hong emperors wouldn't touch those doctrines, at least in the beginning, when the chaos, the wars and the plague had disrupted the whole economy, they considered the merchants at least a necessary evil. [...] But the biggest change in the Imperial politics was about how they treated the Sea: While under the Song big parts of the external trade only could be done with the help of pirates (mostly Nipponese ones), the new dynasty would use their fleet (which was built for the war with the Coast Kingdom in the first place) to put an end to the pirate menace. [...]
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 3, 2023 21:45:24 GMT
"The three Russias" by Ph.D. Eino Oitsalu, University of Reval, Finnish-Estonian republic, 1930.
In the 12th and 13th century, although the East Slavian realms were already split into a number of more or less independent (but connected by family lines) princedoms, there were from time to time rulers who managed become accepted as supreme ruler of them all, if only until their death, like Vsevolod "The big nest" III or Vladimir Monomakh. Only the trade republic of Novgorod stood more aside of the rest of the Rus - which it could afford thanks to the lack of a strong centralized authority elsewhere. In the 14th century, however, with the arrival of the Byzantines the princedom of Kiev (which had been without doubt the leading power in earlier times, but fell back together with the decline of Byzantium) gradually gained first cultural and later political importance. At the same time, however, the princes of Vladimir-Suzdal had control over the metropolitan of Vladimir whom they expected to be accepted as the highest religious authority in Russia. The delicate situation escalated in 1388 with the begin of the Russian schism. For a generation, the ignored Eastern half of Europe was torn apart by this struggle, leading to a split that would survive the schism itself. In some way, this has to be regarded in the same way as the split of Charlemagne's empire between his heirs in Western Europe. [...]
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 3, 2023 21:55:16 GMT
Again: A thread from the WWW forum.
Gladiator: I wondered: Could the republics of Utrecht, Flanders and Frisia have worked together successfully, to spread the republican stateform further through the HRE? (3. 3. 1992 CE, 13:54)
Gladius: Quite impossible. Utrecht was one of the "Beggar's republics", they had formed under the special circumstances of the pre-Black Death years, and it was a kind of wonder that they survived that long, actually. They had nothing in common with either Flanders or Frisia. (3. 3. 1992 CE, 14:38)
Gladiator: But what about Flanders?! Weren't they one of the richest states in Europe? Couldn't they have used their money to hire some mercs and conquer the rest of the Netherlands? (3. 3. 1992 CE, 14:46)
Gladius: They were only insofar a republic as the citizens had to accept the new king when they switched allegiances from France to Holstein-Holland-Hennegau. And the reason why they rebelled against the French king was simply that they wanted to keep their money together. They'd never spend it on big conquests. (3. 3. 1992 CE, 14:59)
Gladiator: And Frisia? Couldn't they try to expand more, through Utrecht into the rest of the Netherlands? They defeated king Gerhard II too, didn't they? (3. 3. 1992 CE, 15:05)
Gladius: Frisia is a special case... yes, they didn't have a prince, but they had nothing in common with a modern republic. They were under their chiefs (a remain from old Germanic times). They weren't interested in a kind of Dutch republic; they aren't really Dutch, their language is very different from the dialects in NW Germany. Only in later times they assimilated more. And Gerhard II... he wasn't the worst king, but he had no luck in the war. (3. 3. 1992 CE, 15:17)
Gladiator: Damn, there goes my idea... :-( (3. 3. 1992 CE, 15:19)
Max: Hey, now I understand - you Gladi types are actually two different users! And I already wondered why your posts have such a changing quality... (3. 3. 1992 CE, 18:20)
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 8, 2023 1:39:26 GMT
"Elegy of the Seljuk storm" by Konstantin Yaroslavich Manilov, University of Chernigov, 1841 After the dark days of the year of the Savior 1204, when the city of Constantinople was razed by heretical Christians, the empire of the Seljuks, who dared to name themselves after the truly great empire of Rome, raised its head, after waiting for more than a century for its hour. [...] The Seljuks invaded the Bulgarians, and the Westerners did nothing. The Seljuks invaded the Serbians, who fought valiantly, and the Westerners did nothing. They even took the old city of Tsargrad, and the Westerners still did nothing. The Seljuks invaded the lands of Epirus, Thessalia, Athens and Achaia - and only then, when the West itself was threatened, they took the sword, but now it was too late. They came with hundreds of thousands of soldiers. They even had armed themselves with the new cannons, to storm the western cities. Wherever they went, they caused chaos, death and destruction. For centuries, they would stay in the lands of the Westerners, and bring them all the sufferings that came with them: Children robbed from their parents and forced to change their belief, women abducted and sold into harems, Christians becoming second-class citizens in their own land. [...]
"A Comment on Manilov's 'Elegy of the Seljuk storm'", by Ph.D. Anton Wegscheider, University of Innsbruck, 1902 Manilov wails about Western civilizations abandoning the orthodox people of the Balcans, but as a matter of fact, Serbia and Bulgaria also fought among themselves. Macedonia was heavily contested between both said nations, and if the Seljuk storm had been prevented by unknown circumstances, history would've seen several more wars in that region. The breakdown of first the Roman, and later the Byzantine empire, left the area without a strong power to keep the order, and the fact that the border between the two major Christian religions ran straight through the Balcans, created the seed for many more conflicts, which would continue after the Seljuks would be expelled again from those lands. [...]
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 8, 2023 1:53:48 GMT
The tavern "Goldener Anker" in Hamburg, 1444. Two merchants, Herr Hagenström and Herr Buddenbrook, sitting on a table and drinking wine from the Mosel.
"So, how about it, old boy?" Hagenström asks. "If you'd get in with the necessary Florentine guilders, we could do it! We could afford a ship and the crew to go over the ocean and establish a permanent route! Just imagine the profit we could make with one shipload of pelts every year!" "I don't know", says Buddenbrook, taking another sip of his wine. "All those young guys today, they want to set sails to Atlantis and become another Hans Meier [1], but honestly, it's exaggerated. I prefer our old business, selling timber from Novgorod and herring in salt during lent - it's more reliable, after all." "It could be an interesting opportunity", Hagenström points out. "Mijnheer Arnoldsen in Amsterdam already sent one ship there. People say he even made friends with the van Houten brothers [2]!" "Arnoldsen also wants to join it?" Buddenbrook ponders. "Well, he's always been a good merchant, and a sane man - if he wants to take part in it, then the thing should be worth it..."
[1] The very captain of that Hanseatic ship that brought prince Harald of Denmark to the New World. Note that Hans Meier is about as average for a German name as John Smith is in English. [2] Jan and Kees van Houten, the two first Dutch men who founded a colony in Atlantis ITTL.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 8, 2023 2:08:39 GMT
From the Welt-Enzyklopädie [1], 1932: Glazunova, Olga Dmitrievna (* 16. 6. 1784, + 13. 12. 1850), Russian writer. Born in the city of Novopolozk as the daughter of a noble family, her works were very popular in the Tschung [2]-ophile 18th century Russia. They play during the earlier time of the Hong dynasty, either at the imperial court or describe the voyages of ship captains in the service of the emperor in Nanjing. Glazunova's novels were appreciated among her readers for their romantical stories and the descriptions (and illustrations) of the lush nature of East and South Asia. Glazunova traveled by herself to Tschung in 1810-13, after having learned Mandarin in the years before. Except for literature, she had a keen interest in gardening; the botanical garden she founded in Novopolozk in 1822 still exists today. She married count Michail of Aleksandrskoye in 1821, with whom she had two children, Andrei and Constantina. During her lifetime, she was often criticized, especially by the Russian-orthodox church for not being pious. Her last years were overshadowed by a chronic depression.
[1] Yep, it's German for "World encyclopedia". [2] Tschung is the German transcription for Chung (or Choung?), short for Chunku'o, from Zhongguo for Middle Kingdom, i.e. China.
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575
Captain
There is no Purgatory for warcriminals - they go directly to Hell!
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Post by 575 on Oct 8, 2023 10:22:43 GMT
The tavern "Goldener Anker" in Hamburg, 1444. Two merchants, Herr Hagenström and Herr Buddenbrook, sitting on a table and drinking wine from the Mosel. "So, how about it, old boy?" Hagenström asks. "If you'd get in with the necessary Florentine guilders, we could do it! We could afford a ship and the crew to go over the ocean and establish a permanent route! Just imagine the profit we could make with one shipload of pelts every year!" "I don't know", says Buddenbrook, taking another sip of his wine. "All those young guys today, they want to set sails to Atlantis and become another Hans Meier [1], but honestly, it's exaggerated. I prefer our old business, selling timber from Novgorod and herring in salt during lent - it's more reliable, after all." "It could be an interesting opportunity", Hagenström points out. "Mijnheer Arnoldsen in Amsterdam already sent one ship there. People say he even made friends with the van Houten brothers [2]!" "Arnoldsen also wants to join it?" Buddenbrook ponders. "Well, he's always been a good merchant, and a sane man - if he wants to take part in it, then the thing should be worth it..." [1] The very captain of that Hanseatic ship that brought prince Harald of Denmark to the New World. Note that Hans Meier is about as average for a German name as John Smith is in English. [2] Jan and Kees van Houten, the two first Dutch men who founded a colony in Atlantis ITTL. Of the Buddenbrooks? Remember the TV-series.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 12, 2023 0:09:17 GMT
The tavern "Goldener Anker" in Hamburg, 1444. Two merchants, Herr Hagenström and Herr Buddenbrook, sitting on a table and drinking wine from the Mosel. "So, how about it, old boy?" Hagenström asks. "If you'd get in with the necessary Florentine guilders, we could do it! We could afford a ship and the crew to go over the ocean and establish a permanent route! Just imagine the profit we could make with one shipload of pelts every year!" "I don't know", says Buddenbrook, taking another sip of his wine. "All those young guys today, they want to set sails to Atlantis and become another Hans Meier [1], but honestly, it's exaggerated. I prefer our old business, selling timber from Novgorod and herring in salt during lent - it's more reliable, after all." "It could be an interesting opportunity", Hagenström points out. "Mijnheer Arnoldsen in Amsterdam already sent one ship there. People say he even made friends with the van Houten brothers [2]!" "Arnoldsen also wants to join it?" Buddenbrook ponders. "Well, he's always been a good merchant, and a sane man - if he wants to take part in it, then the thing should be worth it..." [1] The very captain of that Hanseatic ship that brought prince Harald of Denmark to the New World. Note that Hans Meier is about as average for a German name as John Smith is in English. [2] Jan and Kees van Houten, the two first Dutch men who founded a colony in Atlantis ITTL. Of the Buddenbrooks? Remember the TV-series.
The shout-out was deliberate, yeah. But which series do you mean? The old one or the new one?
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 12, 2023 2:37:01 GMT
Excerpt from "? ? ?" [1] by Michel de Praslin, 1897, chapter 22:
Table XIV: Comparison of Carolingian [2] and Petrinic [3] civilization
3rd/4th century: Franks settle in Roman Empire, as foederatii first 7th century: Slavs spread over Eastern Europe
486: Expansion under Clovis 860: Kievan Rus
498: Clovis christened 988: Vladimir I christened
719/32: Charles Martell 1113-25: Vladimir Monomakh
800: Charlemagne 1200: Vsevolod "The big nest" of Vladimir
900-75: Attacks of the Vikings, Hungarians 1300-75: Teutonic order attacks Russia
900-1000: Ottons in the HRE 1300-1400: Rostislavich dynasty in Kiev
962: German king becomes Holy Roman Emperor 1328: Kiev becomes center of Orthodox Christianity after the fall of the Second Rome
1000-50: Early Salier dynasty, strengthening the emperor's authority 1400-50: Kiev and Chernigov united
(Seems that this is TTL's equivalent to Oswald Spengler's "Decline of the west". -Max)
[1] Sorry, the title's missing in my sources. [2] Franco-German [3] Russian. Ironically IOTL Spengler used "Petrinic" to describe the "wrong" Russian civilization, which got Western civ forced down the throat. Not to mention that Russia's religion is/was imported, too.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 12, 2023 5:11:54 GMT
From the various diaries of the de Ibelin family:
Henri de Ibelin, 1496: [...] Thank God we could escape with the ship. Our men fought valiantly, but there was no way stopping the Seljuks... they were everywhere, they outnumbered us a hundred times, and they knew no mercy. Our fields, our houses, our subjects, everything is lost. All we have left is this ship, a few servants and some bezants [1] that we'll have to live of in future. Now we have to see where we can go to. [...]
Henri de Ibelin, 1500: [...] A great sadness has befallen us, here in our new life in Marseille. We can't forget Cyprus. It's only a few days on a galley from here, but there is no way we can return there. I wish there was a way to start a new life. [...]
Guillaume de Ibelin, 1520: [...] Now it's two years since we arrived in the Caribbean [2]. The time was hard, but with God's help we could make this place a new home. The sugar from our fields can be sold at a good price, and will help us to regain all we have lost in the catastrophe of 1496. The French [3] try to compete with us, but they didn't learn how to plant sugar like our workers did on Cyprus. It's sad that father doesn't live anymore. He would've loved to see the family thrive, more than anything else except to return to Nikosia. [...]
Guillaume de Ibelin, 1551: [...] I'm an old man now. The war was a hard time, but fortunately it didn't hurt our possessions, and now trade is going on better than ever. When my son takes over, he will be richer than any of his ancestors. [...]
Jocelyne de Ibelin, 1881: [...] The Greeks on our estate and in the city are collecting money again, for their "freedom fighters" in Cyprus. It is strange how some people long to something lost even after almost four centuries. [...]
[1] Cypriot currency [2] Yes, it's called the same way. The Caribes have become rather stronger than weaker ITTL, so it's natural to call the place "Caribbean". [3] He's talking about French from France, making a difference to his own family.
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 12, 2023 5:26:52 GMT
"Why Africa was explored that late" by Prof. Shimon ben-Sholomon [1], Chair of historical economy, Department of History, University of Haifa, Israel, 1948
Since their conquest of Ceuta, Morocco, in 1381, the Portuguese started going down the coast of Africa, discovering Madeira in 1392. The Black Death hampered their explorations, but only a few years after they were restarted, coming to Cape Nao in 1410 and the Azores in 1418. Then however, the next problem appeared: King Pedro II the Cruel led his country into Civil War, which the Castillian king Pedro could use to his advantage and make Portugal his fief. But what made things worse for the African explorers: Although the new, bigger state which they were now part of, had bigger resources, it also had more problems to deal with - the constant fights with Muslims in North Africa and Italy, and the competition with the other strong power, the kingdom of France. Portugal was only treated as a minor voice in the united kingdom, seldom listened to (although the kings would take their share of Portuguese acquirings), and this became even more apparent after the unification with England in 1497, after which the African discoveries stopped almost completely. The discovery of Atlantis, the Anglo-Spanish engagement there, and the slave trade (which was mainly carried out by Portuguese) to said continent draw the attention of the people in power to other places. [...] But even if Portugal hadn't been dominated by Castille or another power, there'd still be the obvious problem there there was no real objective forgoing around Africa. India and Chunkuo were barely more than legends, as was the kingdom of Prester John, since the contact between them and Europe was held down by the many, often squabbling, states between. The rich empire of Mali was such an objective, but after having it reached, the profit made of African gold and slaves was sufficient for the Europeans. [...] Besides, even after the Portuguese restarted their discoveries in 1434 and passed Cape Bojador in 1449, their sailors tended to be superstitious, and after the experiences with the almost unbearable heat and the diseases of the Congo, they tended to believe that the conditions further south would be even less bearable, which was the last reason to deter them. [...]
[1] born 1902 as Siegfried Oppenheimer in Frankfurt
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575
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There is no Purgatory for warcriminals - they go directly to Hell!
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Post by 575 on Oct 12, 2023 9:21:20 GMT
Of the Buddenbrooks? Remember the TV-series.
The shout-out was deliberate, yeah. But which series do you mean? The old one or the new one?
There was two?? Saw one in the Seventies guess it then must have been the second - it was in color!
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Post by Max Sinister on Oct 12, 2023 9:54:33 GMT
The shout-out was deliberate, yeah. But which series do you mean? The old one or the new one?
There was two?? Saw one in the Seventies guess it then must have been the second - it was in color! If you want to be precise: There are four screen adaptations - a silent movie from 1923, a b/w movie (two parts) from 1959, the series from 1979 in eleven parts, and the new flick with Armin Mueller-Stahl from 2008. Sayeth WP.
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