United States Civil War (1861 – 1865) in Real Time

Day 461 of the United States Civil War, July 15th 1862

District of Columbia

The United States submarine ALLIGATOR was held at the Washington Navy Yard. Its commander, United States Navy, Lieutenant Thomas O Selfridge traveled to the New York Navy Yard to recruit new volunteers for the crew from the receiving ship USS NORTH CAROLINA. Expecting no response, he was surprised to find there were many volunteers to serve aboard the dangerous prototype.

Virginia

Skirmish at Middletown.

Skirmish at Orange Court House.

West Virginia

Some border state congressmen, including William G. Brown, J. B. Blair, and Waitman T. Willey, signed a minority response to (United States) President Abraham Lincoln's appeal of July 12.

Georgia

Confederate States Army, Major General David Emanuel Twiggs, dies of old age near Augusta, GA.

Tennessee

Skirmish at Wallace’s Cross Roads near Decatur, Alabama involving troops from the command of United States Army, Brigadier-General George Washington Morgan.

Arkansas

United States cavalry from the command of United States Army, Brigadier General Egbert Benson Brown defeated a Confederate force in a skirmish at Fayetteville.

Kentucky

United States forces including United States Army, Lieutenant Colonel John J Landram’s 18th Kentucky Infantry Regiment (United States) captured Cynthiana against opposition from Confederate States Army, Lieutenant Colonel F M Nix’s 1st Georgia Partisan Rangers.

Mississippi

Incident at Vicksburg.

United States Army, Major General Ulysses Simpson Grant conferred with United States Army, Major General Henry Wager Halleck about changes to the United States high command in the western theatre. Halleck announced his own appointment to the position of General-in-Chief and described the ensuing changes he proposed for the western theatre. Grant was to receive the command of most of the theatre, including the Army of the Tennessee and the Army of the Mississippi, and also of a reorganised Department covering northern Mississippi, west Tennessee, and Kentucky west of the Cumberland River. This decision, endorsed by (United States) President Abraham Lincoln who valued Grant’s pugnacity, gave Grant primacy for impending operations between the Mississippi and the Appalachians. The primary objective would be to complete the conquest of the Mississippi River valley.

(Mississippi) Escape of CSS ARKANSAS at Vicksburg

YouTube (Vicksburg Naval Actions - "Mississippi Gunrunner")



The CITY-class ironclad gunboat USS CARONDELET under the command of United states Navy, Commander Henry Walke, USS TYLER under the command of United states Navy, Lieutenant William Gwin, and the steam ram USS QUEEN OF THE WEST, took a crew of army sharpshooters on a reconnaissance of the Yazoo River to investigate reports of the construction of an enemy ironclad warship.

The Confederate ironclad ram CSS ARKANSAS had escaped in an incomplete state from its yards at Memphis to Greenwood on the Yazoo River and then moved to Yazoo City where the facilities were better to complete and arm the vessel. The CSS ARKANSAS, commanded by Lieutenant Isaac Newton Brown CSN, had set off at 3 am from Haines Bluff to engage the Union fleet. After continual breakdowns, the CSS ARKANSAS maintained very slow progress. At daylight, it was still in the Yazoo and entered Old River, a ten-mile lake cut off from the river when it spotted the three United States warships approaching in line abreast, with USS CARONDELET in the centre. The unarmed USS Queen of the West turned immediately and fled. The other two warships opened fire with their bow guns to no effect and then turned to escape with their stern guns protecting their flight.

The CSS Arkansas concentrated its fire on the USS CARONDELET and partially disabled it. The Confederate ironclad was unharmed by the Union guns, although one sailor was decapitated when he raised an iron port to look outside. USS TYLER dropped back to help the USS CARONDELET and opened fire with riflemen. Brown was directing the ship from outside the casemate and was wounded but stayed in command to direct the fire. The USS CARONDELET veered into the shore and was abandoned by its crew and the sharpshooters when steam escaped from its boilers.

Entering the Mississippi, CSS ARKANSAS remained on the tail of the USS TYLER. The United States fleet was surprised by the arrival of the ironclad. The CSS ARKANSAS ran through the fire from the United States fleet, evading the United States rams by keeping close to the wooden ships, and attempted to find refuge under the guns of the Vicksburg batteries. One United States gunboat was hit and its boiler burst, forcing the crew to abandon the ship.

The CSS ARKANSAS was fired on from numerous ships and was badly damaged. One 11-inch shot penetrated the armour and annihilated sixteen men in a single gun crew and a rifle shot killed eleven more. The iron prow was broken off, a whole section of iron plating was torn away and the over-worked engines threatened to explode. CSS ARKANSAS successfully gained the Mississippi and turned southward to reach the protection of the Confederate shore batteries at Vicksburg, with sixty casualties aboard.

Drawing: ARKANSAS running through the Federal fleet above Vicksburg, Mississippi, 15 July 1862



United States Navy, Captain David Glasgow Farragut attempted to pursue CSS ARKANSAS with his seagoing warships but it was too dark by the time they reached Vicksburg to see the enemy properly. Fearful for his two gunboats, the mortar flotilla, and the wooden screw sloop USS BROOKLYN which were still south of Vicksburg, Farragut was determined to run the batteries to rejoin them with his main fleet. As the fleet passed by Vicksburg during the night, it was pounded by the shore batteries and each ship exchanged a broadside with the shattered CSS ARKANSAS, which was tied up under the bluffs. One shot from USS HARTFORD smashed through the ironclad’s armour and wrecked the engine room. The Union fleet continued downriver below Vicksburg although the UNADILLA-class gunboat USS WINONA under the command of United States Navy, Lieutenant Edward T Nichols, and the cottonclad ram USS SUMTER under the command of United States Navy, Lieutenant Henry Erben, were damaged in the process.

The United States lost 5 men killed and 16 wounded while the Confederates had at least 10 more men killed and 15 wounded.

Indian Territory

Reconnaissance to Fort Gibson. A United States force under United States Army, Colonel William Weer (10th Kansas Infantry) and part of the 6th Kansas Cavalry Regiment (United States) seized the fort.

(Arizona Territory (Confederate States) Engagements in Confederate Arizona - Battle of Apache Pass

The 2500 men of the California Column traveled across the arid Southwest in staggered groups to allow water sources to replenish. In early 1862, United States Army, Colonel James H. Carleton sent units from Fort Yuma to Tucson, Arizona, which had recently been occupied by a Confederate force, Company A, Arizona Rangers. After a small engagement known as the Battle of Picacho Pass just north of Tucson between a detachment of Carleton's cavalry and Confederate pickets, the United States forces advanced on Tucson in three columns. They arrived in Tucson on May 20, forcing the heavily outnumbered Confederate garrison to withdraw to Texas without a fight.

After capturing Confederate Arizona's western outpost, Carleton prepared to march east with his main body in July, intending to enter New Mexico through Apache Pass in southeast Arizona. To prepare for the advance of his main force, he sent a column ahead as he had on his march from Yuma to Tucson. The column was led by United States Army, Captain Thomas L. Roberts of Company E, 1st California Infantry Regiment (United States), accompanied by two 12-pounder mountain howitzers under the command of United States Army, Sergeant James D. Monihon, a 22-man cavalry escort from Company B, 2nd Regiment California Volunteer Cavalry , led by United States Army, Captain John C. Cremony and 21 wagons plus 242 mules and horses.

After Roberts reached the San Pedro River, it became necessary to learn whether Dragoon Springs, 28 miles further east, could supply both companies with water or whether they would be forced to separate into smaller detachments. Capt. Roberts led the advance detachment with his infantry company, joined by three wagons, the howitzers and seven of Cremony's best horsemen to serve as scouts and couriers. United States Army, Captain Cremony remained behind with 15 cavalrymen and ten of Roberts' infantrymen, including the detachment left as a garrison at the river, where an adobe stage station building provided shelter and a defensive position to guard the remaining wagons and animals.

Roberts found the water at Dragoon Springs was enough to support the entire force, and Cremony joined with him the next day. Together they advanced on the springs at Apache Pass in the same manner, leaving Cremony with the guard detachment.

At noon on July 15th, Roberts' detachment had just entered Apache Pass. After traveling about two-thirds of the way through, his force was attacked by about 500 Apache warriors led by Mangas Coloradas and Cochise.

The United States soldiers were not in a good situation. The infantrymen had walked dozens of miles across the hot Arizona desert, heading for the spring at Apache Pass, which was now blocked to them by the well-armed Chiricahua warriors. Low on water and realizing a retreat back to Tucson without water could cost him many men, Roberts chose to fight. The Apaches had thrown up defenses, which consisted of several breastworks made of stone. They had also surprised the invaders with an ambush, waiting until the soldiers came within 30–80 yards of their positions before opening fire. Behind almost every mesquite tree and boulder hid an Apache with his rifle, six-shooter and knife. At first the United States troops could barely see their attackers. After a few minutes of intense combat Roberts ordered retreat, and his force withdrew to the mouth of Apache Pass. His men regrouped and unlimbered the mountain howitzers for an advance against the Apaches.

This was one of the first times the United States Army had been able to use artillery against the Indians in the Southwest. Roberts ordered his infantry to take the hills overlooking the pass, while he remained in the pass to direct the artillery support. The skirmishers moved forward, where they were able to take cover in an abandoned Butterfield Overland Mail station. The soldiers were now about 600 yards from the spring. Overlooking the spring were two hills, one on the east, the other on the south. The Apache riflemen behind the breastworks on the hills were delivering a deadly fire against the attackers.

Roberts advanced with his howitzers and had them open fire. Their effectiveness was limited by the fact that they were 300–400 feet below the Apache defenses. Roberts moved his guns ahead to a better position, all the time under heavy fire. Once the guns were in effective range, the artillery opened fire in earnest. The Apaches held their positions until nightfall, when they fled, allowing the United States troops to reach the spring. After allowing his tired men to enjoy a meal, Roberts retreated to bring up Cremony's detachment. The next morning the Apaches returned, but they fled once the artillery opened fire on them.

Bermuda

United States Consul at Bermuda, Charles Allen laments to his wife the loneliness of his post in Bermuda: “I had my flag-staff cut down on 3rd July so could not hoist my flag on the 4th.” Some of his earlier compatriots have departed and there is now less traffic bound for New York than before the war, leaving him “in such a God-forsaken place as this with scarcely one friendly person to speak to[.] I have once been attacked in my office and once knocked down in the street within a few days; the general sentiment is ‘It’s good enough for him; he’s a damn Yankee.’”

Day 463 of the United States Civil War, July 17th 1862

District of Columbia

Due to a shortage of metal coins, (United States) President Abraham Lincoln signed into law a bill authorizing the use of postage stamps as money.

The United States Congress passed the Militia Act, which allowed “persons of African descent” to serve in the United States military.

The United States Congress permitted the President to organise the designation of Army Corps for commands comprising two or more divisions. This instruction formalised the previously unofficial use of the term “Army Corps” or “Corps” and resulted in the renumbering of some existing commands in the eastern theatre.

(United States) President Abraham Lincoln signs a measure of the United States Congress entitled, "An act to suppress insurrection, to punish treason, and rebellion, to seize and confiscate the property of rebels, and for other purposes,” United States Senator from Illinois, Lyman Trumbull had introduced the Second Confiscation Act in early December, 1861. After months of debate and amendment the measure passed both houses. It gave the first clear instructions on the confiscation and emancipation of slaves in the states in rebellion. Slave owners there were given sixty days to return to the United States or have their slaves freed. All escaped or confiscation slaves were to be declared free. The act also included a controversial proviso to fund the colonization of freed blacks.

Speaker Galusha Grow of Pennsylvania gaveled the second session of the Thirty-seventh Congress of the United States to a close. The House sat for for 228 days and was in adjournment till December 5, 1862.

The following are appointed Major Generals in the United States Army:

- Thomas Leonidas Crittenden.
- William Nelson.

The following are appointed Brigadier Generals in the United States Army:

- Henry Shaw Briggs.
- John Cochrane.
- Conrad Feger Jackson.
- James Dada Morgan.
- James Blair Steedman.
- Henry Dwight Terry.
- John Basil Turchin.
- August von Willich.

Virginia

St. John Richardson Liddell is appointed Brigadier General in the Confederate States Army.

Reconnaissance to Culpeper Court House, Madison Court House, and Orange Court House ended.

United States forces from United states Army, Major General John Pope’s Army of Virginia attacked a small Confederate force near Gordonsville. The Confederates were forced to retreat, leaving the way open for the United States troops to capture Gordonsville. Gordonsville was an important junction on the supply line of the Virginia Central Railroad from the Shenandoah Valley to Richmond.

North Carolina

Confederate States Army, Major General Daniel Henry Hill, is assigned to command of the Department of North Carolina.

Kentucky

Confederate States Army, Colonel John Hunt Morgan and two cavalry regiments continued a six-day ride from Lebanon to Cynthiana, passing through Harrodsburg, Lawrenceburg, Versailles, and Georgetown. They engaged United States militia at Cynthiana and headed for Somerset. Actions also occurred at Georgetown and Cynthiana.

Mississippi

Twenty United States Marines and twenty sailors from frigate USS POTOMAC made an expedition up the Pascagoula River under United states Marine Corps, Lieutenant George W Collier on the gunboat USS NEW LONDON and gunboat USS GREY CLOUD. Their mission was to capture or destroy three vessels being loaded with cotton and to destroy telegraphic communications between Pascagoula and Mobile. The expedition succeeded in disrupting communications but as the force pursued the Confederate vessels upstream, they were engaged by cavalry and infantry and forced to turn back.

Tennessee

Skirmish between Columbia and Mount Pleasant.

Indian Territory

Reconnaissance to Grand River, Park Hill, and Tahlequah ended.

Reconnaissance to Fort Gibson ended.

Day 465 of the United States Civil War, July 19th 1862

District of Columbia

(United States) President Abraham Lincoln names John S. Phelps, the son of a Connecticut lawyer, as military governor of Arkansas. Resident of Springfield, Missouri since the 1830s, he is veteran of the fighting at Pea Ridge, Arkansas, where he led a regiment of Missouri infantry.

The following are appointed Brigadier Generals in the United States Army:

- James Streshly Jackson.
- John Smith Phelps.

Virginia

United States expedition from Fredericksburg to Beaver Dam Station began. United States troops entered Beaver Dam Station and dispersed the Confederate militia guarding the area. They spent two days destroying Confederate military stores and the railroad station.

Confederate States Army, Major General Thomas Jonathan Jackson, with his own division and that of Confederate States Army, Major-General Richard Stoddert Ewell, reached Gordonsville from Louisa Court House. They reached the vital junction ahead of the United States forces advancing from Culpeper.

West Virginia

United States Army, Captain Ewald, commander of Camp Carlile in Wheeling gave notice to people improperly wearing insignia of United States soldiers to cease or be arrested, and also to soldiers "on furlough" to report or be arrested:

Headquarters Camp Carlile,
Wheeling, Va., July 19, 1862.

Special Order No. 120.]
Notice is hereby given to all persons wearing the insignia of officers or soldiers of the United States army, and not entitled to do so, to immediately remove the same, else they will be publicly stripped of them and placed under arrest.

All soldiers absent "on furlough" or otherwise, are again ordered to report immediately to avoid arrest as deserters.

By order Capt. Ewald Over,
Commanding Post.

W. A. Widney, Act. Post Adj't.

Kentucky

United States troops under United States Army, Brigadier General Green Clay Smith entered Paris near Owensville. They discovered Confederate States Army, Colonel John Hunt Morgan’s Confederate raiders and drove them out of town.

Skirmish at Winchester.

Missouri

United States reconnaissance in Polk and Dallas Counties began.

Tennessee

Confederate guerrillas raided Brownsville.

Confederate States Army, Colonel Nathan Bedford Forrest resumed his raid in Tennessee, departing from McMinnville in the direction of Lebanon. He pursued the United States garrison of Lebanon to Nashville and destroyed two railroad bridges south of the city, cutting off the division of United states Army, Major General William Nelson which had been sent to catch him. As a result of the raid, the Nashville & Stevenson Railroad was out of action from July 20th to July 27th. Two United States divisions (Nelson’s and Brigadier-General Thomas John Wood’s) were diverted to guard the railroads, delaying the advance by United states Army, Major General Don Carlos Buell’s army towards Chattanooga.

Day 467 of the United States Civil War, July 21st 1862

District of Columbia

(United States) President Abraham Lincoln read an early draft of his proposed Emancipation Proclamation to the Cabinet. Lincoln intended this as a military pronouncement concerned less with legality and politics and more with enabling a more effective prosecution of the conflict and the preservation of the United States. Responses were mixed but all agreed that the proclamation could not be issued until the United States could demonstrate a significant and unquestionable military victory.

(United States) President Abraham Lincoln issues a Executive Order - In Regard to Behavior of Aliens:

July 21, 1862
General Orders, No. 82.

War Department,

Adjutant-General's Office

The following order has been received from the President of the United States:

Representations have been made to the President by the ministers of various foreign powers in amity with the United States that subjects of such powers have during the present insurrection been obliged or required by military authorities to take an oath of general or qualified allegiance to this Government. It is the duty of all aliens residing in the United States to submit to and obey the laws and respect the authority of the Government. For any proceeding or conduct inconsistent with this obligation and subversive of that authority they may rightfully be subjected to military restraints when this may be necessary. But they can not be required to take an oath of allegiance to this Government, because it conflicts with the duty they owe to their own sovereigns. All such obligations heretofore taken are therefore remitted and annulled. Military commanders will abstain from imposing similar obligations in future, and will in lieu thereof adopt such other restraints of the character indicated as they shall find necessary, convenient, and effectual for the public safety. It is further directed that whenever any order shall be made affecting the personal liberty of an alien reports of the same and of the causes thereof shall be made to the War Department for the consideration of the Department of State.

By order of the Secretary of War:

L. Thomas,

Adjutant-General.

Virginia

The following are appointed Brigadier Generals in the Confederate States Army:

- Nathan Bedford Forrest.
- Martin Edwin Green.
- Johnson Hagood.

Incident at Columbia Bridge.

Luray was occupied by United States troops.

West Virginia

A meeting was held in Marshall County to respond to the president's request for additional troops and at which a resolution calling for John Carlile to resign was approved.

Tennessee

Incident at Nashville.

Confederate cavalry raiders under Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Nathan Bedford Forrest captured United States pickets five miles from Nashville. They continued along the Chattanooga road and Forrest fired the guns he had captured at Murfreesboro within sight of the state capitol to celebrate the anniversary of the victory at Manassas. The raiders wrecked three bridges over Mill Creek. United States Army, Major-General William Nelson’s division was in close pursuit but was unable to detect Forrest’s men in their overnight bivouac. Forrest ended his destructive Tennessee raid by returning overnight to McMinnville, along with 1,200 paroled prisoners taken from various garrisons. The United States army attempted to repair the damaged railroads so that United States Army, Major General Don Carlos Buell could be re-supplied to resume his advance on Chattanooga.

Confederate States Army, General Braxton Bragg advised (Confederate States) President Jefferson Finis Davis that he had decided to move his army to Chattanooga and to commence offensive operations into Middle Tennessee while leaving behind sufficient troops to defend northern Mississippi under Confederate States Army, Major General Sterling Price. He had been speculating about this operation for some time but the success of cavalry raids on the United States supply lines and railroads provided an opportunity that he wished to exploit.

Florida

The gunboat USS HUNTSVILLE under the command of United States Navy, Acting Lieutenant W C Rogers, captured the steamer RELIANCE in the Bahama Channel.

Kentucky

Actions occurred at Crab Orchard and Somerset.

The United States steamers CLARA DOLSEN and ROB ROY and tug RESTLESS under United States Navy, Commander Alexander Mosely Pennock arrived with troops from Cairo to protect Evansville, Indiana, from Confederate raiders. The troops landed and retook Henderson from Confederate guerrillas, burned several boats, and patrolled the Ohio River against attack from the Kentucky side.

Mississippi. Confederate artillery at Argyle Landing destroyed the Union naval transport Sallie Woods.

Day 469 of the United States Civil War, July 23rd 1862

District of Columbia

United States Army, Major General Henry W. Halleck assumes the command of the Federal Armies of the United States.

The War Board, which had been organised to advise (United States) President Abraham Lincoln while there was no active General-in-Chief, was discontinued.

The former Chair of the War Board, United States Army, Major General Ethan Allen Hitchcock, was assigned to administrative duties and the supervision of prisoner exchanges.

Virginia

Reconnaissance to Madison Court House and Malvern Hill.

Skirmish at Alderson Ferry.

United States cavalry left Fredericksburg under United States Army, Colonel Hugh Judson Kilpatrick and arrived at Carmel Church where they engaged with Confederate cavalry guarding supplies. Both sides broke off the action after taking casualties. Kilpatrick’s raid was made under the direction of United States Army, Brigadier General Rufus King in preparation for a southward advance by the Army of Virginia.

West Virginia

A meeting was held in Wetzel County to respond to the president's request for additional troops.

Mississippi

After repelling the attack of the previous day by USS ESSEX and USS QUEEN OF THE WEST, Confederate States Navy, Commander Isaac N Brown steamed the CSS ARKANSAS defiantly up and down the Mississippi river under the protection of the Vicksburg batteries.

Missouri

Skirmishes at Blackwater Creek, Columbus, and West Prairie

Skirmish at Bole’s Farm near Florida.

Louisiana

Twelve vessels from the United States mortar fleet used to capture New Orleans had been waiting fruitlessly for an army expedition to extend the operations at Vicksburg. Since those operations were indefinitely delayed, they were now ordered to support operations in the James River in Virginia.

Mississippi

Expedition to Coldwater began.

Arkansas

A United States expedition set off from Helena aboard the steamboat Catahoula to travel to Coldwater.

Day 471 of the United States Civil War, July 25th 1862

District of Columbia

(United States) President Abraham Lincoln issues a Executive Order - Executive Order [on the death of Martin van Buren]:

July 25, 1862
General Orders, No. 89.

War Department,

Adjutant- General Office,

Washington, July 25, 1862.

I. The following order of the President of the United States communicates information of the death of ex-President Martin Van Buren:

Washington, July 25, 1862.

The President with deep regret announces to the people of the United States the decease, at Kinderhook, N.Y., on the 24th instant, of his honored predecessor Martin Van Buren.

This event will occasion mourning in the nation for the loss of a citizen and a public servant whose memory will be gratefully cherished. Although it has occurred at a time when his country is afflicted with division and civil war, the grief of his patriotic friends will measurably be assuaged by the consciousness that while suffering with disease and seeing his end approaching his prayers were for the restoration of the authority of the Government of which he had been the head and for peace and good will among his fellow-citizens.

As a mark of respect for his memory, it is ordered that the Executive Mansion and the several Executive Departments, except those of War and the Navy, be immediately placed in mourning and all business be suspended during to-morrow.

It is further ordered that the War and Navy Departments cause suitable military and naval honors to be paid on this occasion to the memory of the illustrious dead.

Abraham Lincoln.

II. On the day after the receipt of this order the troops will be paraded at 10 o'clock a. m. and the order read to them. The national flag will be displayed at half-staff. At dawn of day thirteen guns will be fired, and afterwards at intervals of thirty minutes between rising and setting sun a single gun, and at the close of the day a national salute of thirty-four guns. The officers of the Army will wear crape on the left arm and on their swords and the colors of the several regiments will be put in mourning for the period of six months.

By order of the Secretary of War:

L. Thomas ,

Adjutant-General.

(United States) President Abraham Lincoln issues a Executive Order - Proclamation 92—Warning to Rebel Sympathizers:

July 25, 1862

By the President of the United States of America

A Proclamation
In pursuance of the sixth section of the act of Congress entitled "An act to suppress insurrection and to punish treason and rebellion, to seize and confiscate property of rebels, and for other purposes," approved July 17, 1862, and which act and the joint resolution explanatory thereof are herewith published, I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, do hereby proclaim to and warn all persons within the contemplation of said sixth section to cease participating in, aiding, countenancing, or abetting the existing rebellion or any rebellion against the Government of the United States and to return to their proper allegiance to the United States on pain of the forfeitures and seizures as within and by said sixth section provided.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done at the city of Washington, this 25th day of July, A. D. 1862, and of the Independence of the United States the eighty- seventh.

Abraham Lincoln.

By the President:

William H. Seward,

Secretary of State.

An Act to suppress insurection, to punish treason and rebellion, to seize and confiscate the property of rebels, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That every person who shall hereafter commit the crime of treason against the United States, and shall be adjudged guilty thereof, shall suffer death, and all his slaves, if any, shall be declared and made free; or, at the discretion of the court, he shall be imprisoned for not less than five years and fined not less than $10,000, and all his slaves, if any, shall be declared and made free; said fine shall be levied and collected on any or all of the property, real and personal, excluding slaves, of which the said person so convicted was the owner at the time of committing the said crime, any sale or conveyance to the contrary notwithstanding.

SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That if any person shall hereafter incite, set on foot, assist, or engage in any rebellion or insurrection against the authority of the United States or the laws thereof, or shall give aid or comfort thereto, or shall engage in or give aid and comfort to any such existing rebellion or insurrection, and be convicted thereof, such person shall be punished by imprisonment for a period not exceeding ten years, or by a fine not exceeding $10,000, and by the liberation of all his slaves, if any he have; or by both of said punishments, at the discretion of the court.

SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That every person guilty of either of the offenses described in this act shall be forever incapable and disqualified to hold any office under the United States.

SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That this act shall not be construed in any way to affect or alter the prosecution, conviction, or punishment of any person or persons guilty of treason against the United States before the passage of this act, unless such person is convicted under this act.

SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That to insure the speedy termination of the present rebellion it shall be the duty of the President of the United States to cause the seizure of all the estate and property, money, stocks, credits, and effects of the persons hereinafter named in this section, and to apply and use the same and the proceeds thereof for the support of the Army of the United States; that is to say:

First. Of any person hereafter acting as an officer of the army or navy of the rebels in arms against the Government of the United States.

Secondly. Of any person hereafter acting as president, vice-president, member of congress, judge of any court, cabinet officer, foreign minister, commissioner, or consul of the so-called Confederate States of America.

Thirdly. Of any person acting as governor of a State, member of a convention or legislature, or judge of any court of any of the so-called Confederate States of America.

Fourthly. Of any person who, having held an office of honor, trust, or profit in the United States, shall hereafter hold an office in the so-called Confederate States of America.

Fifthly. Of any person hereafter holding any office or agency under the government of the so-called Confederate States of America, or under any of the several States of the said Confederacy, or the laws thereof, whether such office or agency be national, State, or municipal in its name or character: Provided, That the persons thirdly, fourthly, and fifthly above described shall have accepted their appointment or election since the date of the pretended ordinance of secession of the State, or shall have taken an oath of allegiance to or to support the constitution of the so-called Confederate States.

Sixthly. Of any person who owning property in any loyal State or Territory of the United States, or in the District of Columbia, shall hereafter assist and give aid and comfort to such rebellion; and all sales, transfers, or conveyances of any such property shall be null and void; and it shall be a sufficient bar to any suit brought by such person for, the possession or the use of such property, or any of it, to allege and prove that he is one of the persons described in this section.

SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That if any person within any State or Territory of the United States, other than those named as aforesaid, after the passage of this act, being engaged in armed rebellion against the Government of the United States, or aiding or abetting such rebellion, shall not, within sixty days after public warning and proclamation duly given and made by the President of the United States, cease to aid, countenance, and abet such rebellion, and return to his allegiance to the United States, all the estate and property, moneys, stock,. and credits of such person shall be liable to seizure as aforesaid, and it shall be the duty of the President to seize and use them as aforesaid, or the proceeds thereof. And all sales, transfers, or conveyances of any such property after the expiration of the said sixty days from the date of such warning and proclamation shall be null and void; and it shall be a sufficient bar to any suit brought by such person for the possession or the use of such property, or any of it, to allege and prove that he is one of the persons described in this section.

SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That to secure the condemnation and sale of any of such property, after the same shall have been seized, so that it may be made available for the purpose aforesaid, proceedings in rem shall be instituted in the name of the United States in any district court thereof, or in any Territorial court, or in the United States district court for the District of Columbia. within which the property above described, or any part thereof, may be found. or into which the same, if movable, may first be brought, which proceedings shall conform as nearly as may be to proceedings in admiralty or revenue cases; and if said property, whether real or personal, shall be found to have belonged to a person engaged in rebellion, or who has given aid or comfort thereto, the same shall be condemned as enemies property and become the property of the United States, and may be disposed of as the court shall decree and the proceeds thereof paid into the Treasury of the United States for the purposes aforesaid.

SEC. 8. And be it further enacted, That the several courts aforesaid shall have power to make such orders, establish such forms of decree and sale, and direct such deeds and conveyances to be executed and delivered by the marshals thereof where real estate shall be the subject of sale as shall fitly and efficiently effect the purposes of this act, and vest in the purchasers of such property good and valid titles thereto. And the said courts shall have power to allow such fees and charges of their officers as shall be reasonable and proper in the premises.

SEC. 9. And be it further enacted, That all slaves of persons who shall hereafter be engaged in rebellion against the Government of the United States, or who shall in any way give aid or comfort thereto, escaping from such persons and taking refuge within the lines of the army, and all slaves captured from such persons or deserted by them and coming under the control of the Government of the United States, and all slaves of such persons found on (or) being within any place occupied by rebel forces and afterwards occupied by the forces of the United States, shall be deemed captives of war, and shall be forever free of their servitude, and not again held as slaves.

SEC. 10. And be it further enacted, That no slave escaping into any State, Territory, or the District of Columbia from any other State shall be delivered up or in any way impeded or hindered of his liberty except for crime or some offense against the laws, unless the person claiming said fugitive shall first make oath that the person to whom the labor or service of such fugitive is alleged to be due is his lawful owner and has not borne arms against the United States in the present rebellion nor in any way given aid and comfort thereto; and no person engaged in the military or naval service of the United States shall, under any pretense whatever, assume to decide on the validity of the claim of any person to the service or labor of any other person, or surrender up any such person to the claimant, on pain of being dismissed from the service.

SEC. 11. A nd be it further enacted, That the President of the United States is authorized to employ as many persons of African descent as he may deem necessary and proper for the suppression of this rebellion, and for this purpose he may organize and use them in such manner as he may judge best for the public welfare.

SEC. 12. And be it further enacted, That the President of the United States is hereby authorized to make provision for the transportation, colonization, and settlement, in some tropical country beyond the limits of the United States, of such persons of the African race, made free by the provisions of this act, as may be willing to emigrate, having first obtained the consent of the Government of said country to their protection and settlement within the same, with all the rights and privileges of freemen.

SEC. 13. And be it further enacted, That the President is hereby authorized, at any time hereafter, by proclamation, to extend to persons who may have participated in the existing rebellion in any State or part thereof pardon and amnesty, with such exceptions and at such time and on such conditions as he may deem expedient for the public welfare.

SEC. 14. And be it further enacted, That the courts of the United States shall have full power to institute proceedings, make orders and decrees, issue process, and do all other things necessary to carry this act into effect.

Virginia

James Ewell Brown," JEB," Stuart is appointed Major General in the Confederate States Army.

Harry Thompson Hays is appointed Brigadier General in the Confederate States Army.

Incident at King’s School House.

A Confederate cavalry force rode into Summerville and discovered a United States post. They made a surprise night attack on the post and forced the United States troops to withdraw.

Alabama

A Confederate force arrived at the Courtland Bridge near Courtland. They spotted a Union force and launched a surprise attack which routed them.

Skirmish at Trinity.

The steamer Cuba evaded the Union blockade and ran into Mobile.

Arkansas

Expedition to Helena ended.

Louisiana

United States naval expedition began through Lake Pontchartrain, Pass Manchac, the Pearl River, and Tehefuncta River.

Mississippi

Expedition to Coldwater.

Expedition from Holly Springs began. A Confederate expedition set out from Holly Springs under Confederate States Army, Colonel Joseph Wheeler towards Bolivar and Jackson in Tennessee. Their aim was to ride seventy miles into United States-held territory to burn bridges and disrupt railroad and supply lines.

Missouri

Skirmishes at Santa Fe, Mountain Store, and Big Piney.

Tennessee

Incident at Brownsville.

A Confederate force attacked a Union foraging party at Clinton Ferry without success.