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Post by lordroel on Jul 3, 2023 2:51:35 GMT
Day 83 of the United States Civil War, July 3rd 1861
West Virginia
Martinsburg is occupied by United States forces under the command of Pennsylvania Militia, Major General Robert Patterson. The Confederate forces of Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Joseph Eggleston Johnston's, retreat.
Arizona Territory
Skirmish against Apache at Cottonwood Creek.
New Mexico Territory
Fort McLane was abandoned by United States forces.
Western Department
The United States War Department issued General Orders N0. 40, appointing Major General John C. Fremont to command the newly-created Western Department (consisting of the states of Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas and the Indian Territory):
General Orders No. 40
War Dep’t, Adjutant General’s Office
Washington, July 3, 1861
I. The State of Illinois and Territories west of the Mississippi river, and on this side of the Rocky Mountains, including New Mexico will, in future, constitute a separate military command to be known as the Western Department, under command of Major General Fremont, of the United States Army, headquarters at St. Louis.
II. It having been ascertained to the satisfaction of this department that 1st Lieutenant John Thomas Goode, 4th Artillery, entertains and has expressed treasonable designs against the Government of the United States, his name will be stricken from the Rolls of the Army.
By Order:
L. Thomas, Adjutant General
Cuba
Steamer CSS SUMTER, under the command of Confederate States Navy, Commander Raphael Semmes captured and burned American ship GOLDEN ROCKET near the coastal Isle of Pines.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 4, 2023 2:50:05 GMT
Day 84 of the United States Civil War, July 4th 1861District of ColumbiaThe 37th Congress of the United States assembled in special session as requested by (United States) President Abraham Lincoln’s militia proclamation of April 15th 1861. By this time, 11 states had joined the Confederacy, leaving just 23 states with representation. A small number of Unionist congressmen from the Confederate states also remained. Without the Democrat-dominated South, Republicans held strong majorities in the House of Representatives (106 to 70) and the Senate (31 to 17). (United States) President Abraham Lincoln’s message notes the state of affairs subsequent to his assumption of office: “And this issue embraces more than the fate of these United States. It presents to the whole family of man the question whether a constitutional republic or democracy—a government of the people by the same people—can or cannot maintain its territorial integrity against its own domestic foes.” Concerning the war now tearing the fabric of the nation, President Lincoln concludes: “This is essentially a people’s contest.”The United States Congress authorised a call for more than 18,000 men for the United States Navy, 20,000 for the United States Regular Army, and over 42,000 volunteer soldiers to serve for three years. Illustration for The Illustrated London News: Review of Federal Troops on 4 July by President Lincoln and General Scott, the Garibaldi Guard filing past VirginiaSmall Skirmish at Harper’s Ferry. This was part of the United States Army advance into the Shenandoah Valley. A new Confederate battery was erected at Mathias Point. John Carlile, William G. Brown, and Kellian V. Whaley took their seats in the House of Representatives as congressman to represent the Reorganized Government of Virginia. KentuckyPro-Confederate guerrillas seized passenger trains on the Louisville & Nashville Railroad. MissouriSkirmish at Farmington near St Louis. MissouriUnited States Army, Colonel Franz Sigel led a force into southwestern Missouri in search of pro-Confederate Governor Claiborne Fox Jackson and the Missouri State Guard. Sigel arrived at Carthage with 1,100 men, while Jackson was concentrating his own militiamen at Lamar. TexasThe gunboat USS SOUTH CAROLINA under the command of United states Navy, Commander James Alden, captured the blockade-running schooners SHARK, VENUS, ANN RYAN, MCCANFIELD, LOUISA and DART off Galveston.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 5, 2023 2:51:07 GMT
Day 85 of the United States Civil War, July 5th 1861VirginiaA small skirmish occurred between the Confederate forces of Brigadier-General John Bankhead Magruder and United States forces of Major-General Benjamin Franklin Butler, 9th New York Infantry Regiment (United States) near Curtis’ Farm at Newport News. Both sides withdrew to their lines after an inconclusive action. The General Assembly of the Reorganized Government of Virginia considered the election of senators to represent the state in Congress. TexasThe gunboat USS SOUTH CAROLINA under the command of United states Navy, Commander James Alden, captured the schooners FALCON and CORALIA off Galveston. MissouriA Confederate force commanded by Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Benjamin McCulloch surprised a company of United States troops from United States Army, Colonel Franz Sigel’s command at Neosho. The United States troops were captured and paroled. (Missouri) Operations to Control Missouri - Battle of CarthageTen miles north of Carthage, Missouri, a United States Infantry Brigade consisting of the infantry regiments - 3rd Missouri Infantry Regiment (United States) and 5th Missouri Infantry Regiment (United States) and two batteries with eight guns consisting of about 1,100 men under the command of United States Army, Colonel Franz Sigel fought the Pro-Confederate Missouri State Guard (4,000 armed, 2,000 unarmed) under the command of Governor of Missouri Claiborne Jackson. Recognizing that he was outnumbered and in danger of being flanked and captured, Sigel began an organized withdrawal from the field of battle. A running battle raged for the rest of the day and Sigel was able to escape to Sarcoxie, Missouri. United States losses were reported as 13 killed and 31 wounded and Confederate as 200 to 250 men. Harper's Weekly: The battle of Battle of Carthage
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Post by lordroel on Jul 6, 2023 2:50:25 GMT
Day 86 of the United States Civil War, July 6th 1861
District of Columbia
(United States) Secretary of War, Simon Cameron reported that 64 regiments of volunteers and 1,200 regular soldiers were ready for action around Washington, D.C. This force of about 60,000 men comprised about a quarter of the available armed men in the North.
Virginia
United States Army, Major General George Brinton McClellan concentrated three of his four brigades at Buckhannon and the other one at Philippi for an advance deeper into western Virginia. About 12,000 of his 20,000 men were available for the advance after leaving garrisons to guard his communications. United States Army, Brigadier General William Starke Rosecrans led the three United States brigades in the field (8,000 men) from Buckhannon against Confederate States Army, Lieutenant Colonel John Pegram who had about 1,200 men at Rich Mountain. McClellan sent United States Army, Colonel Robert Latimer McCook with two regiments to Middle Fork Bridge, about halfway to Beverly. Indiana state militia, Brigadier General Thomas Armstrong Morris took his brigade to within a mile and a half of the positions of Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Robert Selden Garnett, who had collected about 3,200 men at Laurel Hill.
(Virginia) Operations in western Virginia - Clash at Middle Fork Bridge
United States Army, Brigadier General Newton Schleich sent out advance scouts from Company A of the 3rd Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry (United States) under United States Army, Captain Lawson. Lawson’s men encountered Confederate pickets of Confederate States Army, Lieutenant Colonel John M. Heck’s Regiment at Middle Fork Bridge. Initially, the Confederate pickets surrounded the Federals, but after a heated skirmish, the United States cut their way out, losing one man killed and having five more wounded.
North Carolina
Off the shores of Cape Hatteras, the Confederate privateer JEFFERSON DAVIS under the command Commander Walter W. Smith engaged and captured the United States ships ENCHANTRESS and JOHN WELSH.
Texas
The gunboat USS South CAROLINA under the command of United states Navy, Commander James Alden, captured the blockade-running schooner GEORGE G BAKER off Galveston.
Cuba
The commerce raider CSS SUMTER under the command of Confederate States Navy, Commander Raphael Semmes, arrived at Cienfuegos in Cuba with seven United States flagged vessels taken as prizes. They were the ALBERT ADAMS, CUBA, BEN DUNNING, LEWIS KILHAM, MACHIA, NIAD, and WEST WIND. Semmes appointed a Cuban agent for custody of the prizes, expressing to the Governor that he had entered that port with the expectation that Spain would extend a friendly reception to cruisers of the Confederate States.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 7, 2023 6:14:14 GMT
Day 87 of the United States Civil War, July 7th 1861
District of Columbia
Stephen Douglas’funeral casts a pall over the national capital, with many sites, including the White House displaying black for the somber occasion.
Virginia
Skirmishes at Glenville, Laurel Hill, Middle Fork Bridge, and Belington.
USS POCAHONTAS under the command of United states Navy, Commander Benjamin N Divo, fired on and damaged CSS GEORGE PAGE in Aquia Creek.
Two floating torpedoes (later known as naval mines) in the Potomac River were picked up by USS RESOLUTE under the command of Acting Master W Budd. This was the earliest known use of torpedoes by the Confederates.
Maryland
Expedition to Rockville ended.
Incident at Great Falls.
Missouri
United States Army, Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon was joined by United States Army, Major Samuel Davis Sturgis at Clinton and they continued their pursuit of the Pro-Confederate Missouri State Guard with their combined force of about 4,850 men.
New Jersey
The Confederate privateer JEFFERSON DAVIS under the command Commander Walter W. Smith captured the United States vessel, S J WARING off the Atlantic coast.
North Carolina
Legislative speaker Henry Toole Clark became the 36th Governor of North Carolina upon the death of John Willis Ellis from tuberculosis while on a visit to Virginia, generating a debate as to Clark's legal status. He will be acting governor until the next election.
Texas
The gunboat USS SOUTH CAROLINA under the command of United states Navy, Commander James Alden, captured the schooner SAM HOUSTON off Galveston.
Confederate States Army, Lieutenant Colonel John R Baylor occupied Fort Bliss (later El Paso) with 300 men of the 2nd Texas Mounted Rifles (Confederate States). His force had marched from San Antonio 700 miles away, having dropped off 400 men as garrisons at Fort Clark, Fort Davis, and other outposts along the route.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 8, 2023 8:24:39 GMT
Day 88 of the United States Civil War, July 8th 1861District of ColumbiaTelegraphic dispatches of the United States military forces were placed under censorship to improve security. VirginiaRichard Caswell Gatlin is made Brigadier General in the Confederate States Army. Plans for United States Army, Brigadier General Irvin McDowell’s Commander of the Army and Department of Northeastern Virginia to advance against Manassas were postponed because of supply difficulties. United States Army, General-in-Chief Major-General Winfield Scott disapproved of the proposal for McDowell to advance prematurely in a piecemeal operation. Scott was over-ruled by the United States Cabinet which urged offensive action before the expiry of the enlistments of the first three-month volunteer regiments. McDowell continued to organise and train his men and designated his field force the Army of Northeastern Virginia. MissouriThe Confederate camp at Florida is attacked and dispersed by loyal Pro-United States, Missouri State Militia. Colorado TerritoryWilliam Gilpin became the 1st Governor of the Territory of Colorado. Rhode IslandIllustration: Training ship USS CONSTITUTION at anchor off Fort Adams, Newport, Rhode Island TexasConfederate States Army, Brigadier General Henry Hopkins Sibley is ordered to Texas to expel United States forces from the New Mexico Territory.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 9, 2023 6:31:47 GMT
Day 89 of the United States Civil War, July 9th 1861
District of Columbia
The United States House of Representatives resolves that it is not the duty of United States soldiers to capture and return fugitive slaves.
The United States Army at this time had 48 nominated General Officers – 6 Major Generals (three each in the Regular Army and the US Volunteers), 7 Brigadier-Generals in the Regular Army plus one Brigadier-General of the Staff, and 34 Brigadier-Generals in the US Volunteers. Of this latter group, 28 were awaiting confirmation of their appointments.
Virginia
The following are appointed Brigadier Generals in the Confederate States Army:
- Benjamin Franklin Cheatham.
- Daniel Smith Donelson.
- Gideon Johnson Pillow.
- Felix Kirk Zollicoffer.
This brings the number in their Confederate States Army General Officer corps up to 38 – 4 Generals, 2 Major Generals, 2 Brigadier Generals (Regular Army), and 30 Brigadier-Generals (Provisional Army).
Confederate States Army, Major General Leonidas Polk, telegraphs to the Richmond authorities that "no time is to be lost in East Tennessee."
United States Army, Major-General George Brinton McClellan’s forces reached the vicinity of Rich Mountain in western Virginia and halted at Roaring Creek.
United States Army, Brigadier-General Irvin McDowell’s Army of Northeastern Virginia was scheduled to march to Manassas Junction but a lack of supplies deferred the movement.
Incident at Belington.
West Virginia
The Reorganized Government of Virginia elected the following officials:
- Secretary of the Commonwealth L. A. Hagans of Preston County.
- Auditor of Public Accounts Samuel Crane of Randolph County.
- Treasurer Campbell Tarr of Brooke County.
- United State Senator John S. Carlile
- United State Senator Waitman T. Willey.
Florida
At Pensacola, enough carefully secreted materials were recovered to piece together a lighthouse to be installed for the United States first deep water port to be captured in Confederate territory. The United States Navy had been carefully shipping most lenses and apparatus from lighthouses around the Confederate coastline to the New York lighthouse depot for re-issue, although some were put back to use almost immediately.
Mississippi
A twenty-minute exchange of fire occurred between the Confederate garrison in Fort Twiggs on Ship Island and the gunboat USS MASSACHUSETTS under the command of United States Navy, Commander Melancton Smith.
Skirmishes occurred at and near Monroe Station, involving the 16th Illinois Infantry under United States Army, Colonel Robert F Smith.
North Carolina
The Confederate privateer JEFFERSON DAVIS under the command Commander Walter W. Smith captured the American brig MARY E THOMPSON of Bangor en route to Antigua, and the schooner MARY GOODELL of New York en route to Buenos Aires.
Texas
The gunboat USS SOUTH CAROLINA under the command of United States Navy, Commander James Alden, seized and destroyed the schooner TOM HICKS with a cargo of lumber off Galveston.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 10, 2023 2:48:49 GMT
Day 90 of the United States Civil War, July 10th 1861
District of Columbia
The United States House of Representatives passed Bills authorising loans of $500,000,000 and 50,000 volunteers to suppress the Confederate rebellion. The closure of Confederate ports by blockade was also formally empowered in legislation.
Virginia
The following are appointed Brigadier Generals in the Confederate States Army:
- Daniel Harvey Hill.
- Jones Mitchell Withers.
Confederate naval forces on the James River were placed under the command of Confederate States Navy, Commander George Nichols Hollins.
The wooden steam frigate USS MINNESOTA under the command of United States Navy, Captain Silas Horton Stringham, captured the Confederate brig AMY WARWICK in Hampton Roads.
Incidents at Laurel Hill, Rich Mountain, Belington, and Camp Garnett, one United States soldier was reported killed and two wounded.
The General Assembly of the Reorganized Government of Virginia debated at length resolutions offered by H. W. Crothers of Brooke County on instructions to congressional representatives.
(Missouri) Skirmishes at and near Monroe Station
United States Army, Colonel Robert E Smith’s troops (16th Illinois Infantry Regiment) were attacked by 1,600 mounted Confederates in Monroe Station. The United States troops were able to hold off the Confederates while they waited for reinforcements. After arriving, the Confederates were overwhelmed and hastily made a quick retreat.
Tennessee
Government Postal services were suspended by Confederate authorities in Middle and West Tennessee.
Georgia
George Washington Rains of North Carolina is assigned the task of building a mill to supply the Confederacy with gunpowder. He builds a factory in Augusta, Georgia and, basing his work only on a pamphlet about the manufacturing of gunpowder.
Indian Territory
The Confederates are successful in making a treaty with the Creek Indian Nation tribe leaders through the intercession of Albert Pike, a pre-war Whig who had opposed secession, but who has supported the Southern cause since Arkansas left the United States. Deep divisions in the Creek nation remain nevertheless and mirror those in the country as whole.
New Mexico Territory
Fort Breckinridge, the New Mexico Territory, is abandoned.
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire indicates its position of neutrality in the conflict in America for now.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 11, 2023 2:51:27 GMT
Day 91 of the United States Civil War, July 11th 1861VirginiaThe USS ALBATROSS, a screw steamer rigged as a three-masted schooner under the command of United States Navy, Commander George A. Prentiss sees here first action after a Confederate shore battery near Oregon Inlet opened fire on her. She answered with all her guns, knocked out one of the Confederate cannon, and drove the Southern soldiers from the area. Expedition to Romney began. Incidents at Camp Garnett and Belington. (Virginia) Operations in western Virginia - Battle of Rich MountainAfter a week of skirmishing Indiana state militia, Brigadier General A. Morris’ "Indiana" Brigade came to a standoff against Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Richard B. Garnett’s Confederate force on Laurel Hill. Occasional sniper and artillery fire plagued both sides amidst inclement weather. Stiff resistance convinced Morris he faced the main Confederate force. Confederate State Army, Brigadier General Richard B. Garnett learned of the United States flanking maneuver at Rich Mountain and decided to withdraw from Laurel Hill. The 44th Virginia Infantry was ordered to hold the Beverly Road by engaging Federals to give the appearance of an attack. With United states Army, Major General William Rosecrans’ brigade approaching from the South, Garnett abandoned the Beverly Road and withdrew toward Corrick’s Ford on the Cheat River. United States forces under the direct command of United States Army, Major General McClellan greatly outnumbered Confederate States Army, Brigadier General John Pegram’s Confederates on Rich Mountain. Nevertheless, the Confederates held a strong position and inexperienced soldiers in his own command convinced McClellan to precede any action with an artillery duel. A local boy named David Hart entered United States Army, Major General William Rosecran camp and said he knew a way around to the rear of the Confederate lines. McClellan agreed to let Hart lead Rosecrans’ brigade of 1,900 men through the woods. The route took roughly 10 hours through wet, rough terrain which forced Rosecrans to leave his artillery behind. During this time, Colonel Pegram was able to learn from a captured sergeant of the United States flanking movement. Pegram incorrectly assumed the attack was coming from the north and positioned a lone 16-pound artillery piece with most of his command in defense. Confederate States Army, Captain Julius A. De Lagnel, Garnett’s chief of artillery, assumed command of this force around David Hart’s family farm. Drawing: Battle of Rich Mountain At 2:30pm Rosecran’s force appeared at the pass on Rich Mountain and attacked. Confederates quickly redeployed their artillery piece and twice repulsed United States skirmishers from behind crude breastworks. Assuming they had defeated the enemy, Pegram’s men began cheering. The cheering was enough to also convince McClellan that Rosecrans had been defeated. However, most of the United States soldiers were well concealed behind trees and logs. Rosecrans counterattacked and routed the Confederates in his front, wounding De Lagnel. McClellan shelled the Rebel position, but did not make the expected assault. Half the Confederates escaped to Beverly and on over the Shawnee Trail. Pegram and the others (including the "Sydney Boys", a regiment formed from the students of Hampden-Sydney College) attempted to make their way north to link up with Garnett. Drawing: The Thirteenth Indiana Regiment Capturing a Gun MississippiUnited States and Confederate forces raided lighthouse towers at the three Mississippi River passes. Commerce raider CSS SUMTER under the command of Confederate States Navy, Commander Raphael Semmes had sent boats on June 23rd to the different lighthouses to stave in the oil casts and bring away the lighting apparatus to prevent the enemy’s shipping from using the lights. They revisited one station on July 11th to remove the lens, but they found that a crew from the sloop-of-war USS BROOKLYN had removed everything of value only a few hours earlier. MissouriUnited States Army, Brigadier-General Nathaniel Lyon closed the St Louis State Journal for expressing disloyal sentiments. Pro-Confederate Missouri State Guard, Major General Sterling Price, Governor of Missouri, Claiborne Jackson, United States Army, Brigadier general Nathaniel Lyon, and Francis Blair meet at Planters' House in St.Louis to discuss a truce. Lyon was quoted as saying "This means war" after the talks end abruptly.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 12, 2023 2:50:41 GMT
Day 92 of the United States Civil War, July 12th 1861District of ColumbiaPhoto: The steam tug USS THOMAS FREEBORN at the Washington Navy Yard, D.C. The photo shows some of the ship's officers and men demonstrating how her late commanding officer, United States Navy, Commander James H. Ward, was sighting her bow gun when he was mortally wounded on June 27th 1861, during an action with Confederate forces at Mathias Point, Virginia. The gun on the photo is a 32 pounder smoothbore, of 60 hundredweight, on a "Novelty Carriage"  VirginiaThe forces under the command of Confederate States Army, Brigadier General John Pegram, surrender to United States Army, Major General William Rosecran, after the engagement at Battle of Rich Mountain a day earlier on July 11th 1861. Incident at Belington. Twelve men of the 7th New York Infantry Regiment (United States) were captured at Newport News. (United States) Ohio Volunteers, Brigadier General Jacob Dolson Cox began to move forward to confront Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Henry Alexander Wise’s forces in and around the Valley of the Great Kanawha River in western Virginia. The town of Beverly is occupied by United States Army, Major General McClellan as the Confederates retreat from Laurel Hill. KentuckyIn a skirmish at Barboursville, the (United States) 2nd Kentucky Cavalry overcame a small Confederate force. TexasThe gunboat USS SOUTH CAROLINA under the command of United States Navy, Commander James Alden, captured the Confederate schooner General T J CHAMBERS off Galveston with a cargo of lumber. Indian TerritoryThe Confederacy signs peace treaties with the Chickasaw and the Choctaw Indian nation tribes, in the Indian Territory.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 13, 2023 2:48:26 GMT
Day 93 of the United States Civil War, July 13th 1861Virginia Expedition to Romney ended with the occupation of the town by United States forces under United States Army, Major-General George Brinton McClellan. Skirmish at the Red House near Barboursville. (Virginia) Operations in western Virginia - Battle of Corrick's Ford United States Army, Major-General George Brinton McClellan had defeated part of Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Richard B. Garnett’s Confederate force on July 11th 1861 at the Battle of Rich Mountain. On hearing of the defeat, Garnett fell back toward Virginia with approximately 4,500 men around midnight that night. He began to march towards Beverly, but received false information that McClellan's men occupied the town. The Confederates backtracked, abandoned the Staunton and Parkersburg Turnpike at Leadsville, and crossed Cheat Mountain into the Cheat River Valley. Indiana state militia, Brigadier General A. Morris’ pursued them with his "Indiana" Brigade. Around noon, Morris overtook Garnett's rear guard at Corrick's Ford on the Cheat River, and attacked the retreating Confederates. Garnett personally directed the rear guard of the Confederate skirmishers in order to delay the United States attack. He soon withdrew to another ford a mile or two farther away. The running skirmish resumed and as Garnett again prepared to retreat, a United States volley killed him instantly. The Confederates fled, abandoning their dead commander, one cannon, and nearly 40 wagons. A friend in the United States Army recovered Garnett's body after the battle. He was the first general officer killed in the War. Drawing: Battle of Corrick's Ford KentuckyConfederate States Army, Major General Leonidas Polk, assumes the command of the Confederate States of America Army Department No. 2. GeorgiaWhile fortifications were being built or repaired to defend the coastline, the state authorities of Georgia formed a rudimentary navy by converting a few tugs and other harbour craft into gunboats. Although they could never oppose the ships of the United States Navy on the open seas, their shallow draft enabled them to move freely around the inland waters along the coasts of South Carolina and Georgia. They were commanded by Confederate States Navy, Captain Josiah Tattnall. Mississippi The gunboat USS MASSACHUSETTS under the command of United States Navy, Commander Melancton Smith, seized the schooner HILAND near Ship Island. Missouri United States Army, Brigadier General Nathaniel Lyon’s army encamped at Springfield. He commanded approximately 6,000 men in the 1st Missouri Infantry Regiment (United States), 2nd Missouri Infantry Regiment (United States),3rd Missouri Infantry Regiment (United States), 5th Missouri Infantry Regiment (United States), 1st Iowa Infantry Regiment (United States), 1st Kansas Infantry Infantry Regiment (United States), 2nd Kansas Infantry Infantry Regiment (United States), several companies of US Regular Army infantry and cavalry, and three batteries of artillery. Pro-Confederate Missouri State Guard, Major General Sterling Price had gathered between 7,000 and 8,000 men in the Missouri State Guard but they were not well organised, equipped, supplied, or trained.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 14, 2023 4:34:52 GMT
Day 94 of the United States Civil War, July 14th 1861
Virginia
The first Council of War of the Confederate government was held in Richmond, Virginia.
North Carolina
The steamship USS DAYLIGHT under the command of United States Navy, Commander Samuel Lockwood, arrived to initiate the blockade of Wilmington.
United States Army, Colonel Thomas A Davies 16th New York Infantry Regiment (United States) began a reconnaissance from Alexandria along the Fairfax Road and Mount Vernon Road towards Fairfax Court House.
With the Confederate forces in western Virginia in disarray, United States Army, Major General George Brinton McClellan decided that his objective of keeping the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad free of Confederate interference had been fulfilled. He ordered a withdrawal of his troops from the exposed area around Carrick’s Ford, while the Confederates continued their flight eastwards. McClellan moved to occupy stronger positions protecting Huttonsville. The Confederates appointed Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Henry Rootes Jackson to command in western Virginia, following the death in battle of Brigadier General Robert Selden Garnett on July 13th 1861 at the Battle of Corrick.
Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Milledge Lake Bonham resigned his commission in protest about being superseded in command by Brigadier General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard in northern Virginia. He was persuaded to remain in service and was immediately reinstated in grade with the same seniority.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 15, 2023 5:13:27 GMT
Day 95 of the United States Civil War, July 15th 1861
Virginia
Skirmish at Vienna.
Skirmish at Bowman’s Place on the Cheat River.
United States Army, Major General Robert Patterson left Martinsburg and marched towards Bunker Hill. A Rhode Island Battery deterred the Confederate cavalry scouts at Bunker Hill, who were then pursued by elements of the 2nd Cavalry Regiment (United States).
Arkansas
The military forces, posts, and stores in Arkansas were transferred to the Confederate government.
Missouri
Skirmishes at Wentzville, Millsville, and Mexico.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 16, 2023 5:19:25 GMT
Day 96 of the United States Civil War, July 16th 1861
District of Columbia
The United States Navy’s Blockade Strategy Board chaired by United States Navy, Captain Samuel Francis Du Pont suggested a novel plan to strengthen the blockade of Southern ports. Lacking sufficient vessels capable of enforcing an effective maritime blockade, they proposed to fill a “stone fleet” of large old vessels with heavy rocks and to scuttle them at entrances to Southern harbours. The Board also recommended that the Atlantic region should be divided into northern and southern sectors.
The Federal Bill authorising the President to call out the militia and to raise 500,000 volunteers passed the United States House of Representatives.
Virginia
Incident at Barboursville.
The Confederate forces retreating from Carrick’s Ford reached Monterey.
United States Army, Brigadier General Irvin McDowell’s Army of the Potomac marched out of the Washington defences and Arlington with most of its 35,000 men. The plan was to advance against the Confederate army concentrated around the vital railroad junction at Manassas. Connecticut State Militia, Brigadier General Daniel Tyler’s division led the column and reached Vienna while United States Army, Brigadier General David Hunter’s and Colonel Dixon S Miles’ divisions arrived at Annandale. United States Army, Brigadier General Samuel Peter Heintzelman’s division stopped at Pohick Creek. At this time Confederate forces in the Virginian theatre numbered about 40,000 men and the United States fielded about 60,000 against them/These were deployed thus: 23,000 Confederates at Manassas facing 35,000 United States, 11,000 Confederates in the Shenandoah Valley facing over 12,000, and 5,000 facing 15,000 United States men at Fortress Monroe on the York-James Peninsula.
In the Shenandoah Valley, Major General of the Pennsylvania volunteers, Robert Patterson left Bunker Hill. Instead of moving south towards Winchester to deter Confederate reinforcements from being sent to oppose the United States advance towards Manassas Junction, Patterson turned east to Charlestown and then withdrew back towards Harper’s Ferry. This retrograde movement eased the pressure on Confederate forces in the Shenandoah Valley and allowed Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Joseph Eggleston Johnston’s Army of the Shenandoah to leave the Shenandoah Valley and to move to reinforce Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard at Manassas Junction.
Missouri
Confederate irregulars fired into railroad cars at Millsville, killing 3 and wounding 7 United States soldiers. Seven Confederates were killed in the retaliation.
Skirmish at Wentzville/
North Carolina
The frigate USS ST LAWRENCE under the command of United States Navy, Lawrence, Captain Hugh Y Purviance, captured the British blockade-runner HERALD, bound from Beaufort to Liverpool.
Tennessee
The Tennessee General Assembly passes legislation authorizing the use of Confederate funds only, and outlawing the payment of all debts to non-slave-holding states, regardless of when they were entered into.
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Post by lordroel on Jul 17, 2023 2:49:44 GMT
Day 97 of the United States Civil War, July 17th 1861District of Columbia(United States) President Lincoln approved a loan by Congress for $250,000,000 in bonds and notes. The morning newspapers in Washington D.C. carried the news of the United States Armies were advancing! VirginiaGeneral Beauregard wired (Confederate States) President Jefferson F. Davis that the Confederate army had fell back to the line of Bull Run near Manassas Virginia. Skirmishes at Fairfax Court House and Vienna. Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard reported that his outposts were under attack near Centreville. He suggested that he might need to retire to the Rappahannock River unless reinforced urgently. The authorities ordered the independent brigade of Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Theophilus Hunter Holmes to leave Fredericksburg immediately and to reinforce Beauregard at Manassas Junction. Confederate States Army,Colonel Wade Hampton’s independent Hampton Legion was also ordered forward from Richmond to Manassas Junction, and the 8th Virginia Infantry Regiment (Confederate States) of Colonel Philip St George Cocke’s brigade was ordered to return to Manassas Junction from its outpost at Leesburg. More importantly, instructions were given for the Confederate forces in the Shenandoah Valley to evade the approaching United States forces and reinforce Beauregard as quickly as possible. These orders concentrated all available Confederate strength in northern Virginia to oppose the United States advance from behind Bull Run Creek. The head of the United States Army of the Potomac under United States Army, Brigadier General Irvin McDowell reached Fairfax Court House, after marching thirteen miles from Arlington. United States Army, Brigadier General Daniel Tyler skirmished with Confederate scouts, who evacuated their advanced outpost. Major General of the Pennsylvania volunteers, marched from Bunker Hill and halted at Charles Town. Despite having 17,000 men, and outnumbering his opponents, he failed to demonstrate or probe aggressively, allowing the Confederates at Winchester to plan an untroubled movement to Manassas. (Virginia) Operations in western Virginia - Battle of Scary CreekUnited States Army, Brigadier General Jacob Dolson Cox was leading a force through the Great Kanawha Valley toward Charleston when it was attacked by Confederates under the command of Confederate States Army, Brigadier General Henry Alexander Wise. Wise was encamped at Tyler Mountain about twelve miles from Cox’s position along the Pocataligo, with another smaller force three miles from the United States force near Scary Creek. Wise’s skirmishing slowed the United States advance but this was brushed aside by Colonel John W Lowe’s 12th Ohio Infantry Regiment (United States) and two companies of the 21st Ohio Infantry Regiment (United States), which had been ferried across the river. The United States troops attempted to dislodge the 500 Confederate defenders across Scary Creek at Scarytown (Scarrytown). Confederate States Army, Captain George S Patton commanded the Confederate line behind Harlem Creek, two miles from the main Confederate camp. After the United States forces were held and began falling back, the Confederates thought that fresh United States reinforcements were arriving and also retreated. The Confederates later realised their mistake and returned to the battlefield to claim victory. Despite the tactical success, Wise decided to withdraw up the Kanawha Valley toward the Confederate supply bases in Fayette and Greenbrier Counties. Wise’s retreat was later criticised for allowing most of the Kanawha Valley to fall into United States hands. The United States lost 14 killed, approximately 30 wounded, and several missing. The Confederates lost between one and five killed, and six wounded, including Captain Patton. Map: Battle of Scary Creek, Putnam County, Virginia, 1861 MissouriIncidents at Wentzville, Martinsburg, and Parkersville. United States Army, Colonel John McNeil led 600 men belonging to the 3rd Missouri Infantry Regiment (United States) to Fulton and routed the Missouri State Guard under the command of Missouri State Brigadier General David Bullock Harris.
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